Peacekeeping and civil–military relations in Uruguay

ABSTRACT

There have been over 90,000 UN peacekeepers deployed around the world to 78 peacekeeping operations (PKOs) in over 125 countries since 1948. Some scholars have made the case that these missions have had a positive impact on the relationship between the military and the civilians they work for. However, other scholars have identified a negative impact on civil military relations (CMR). This paper contributes to this debate by investigating how peacekeeping has impacted civil-military relations in Latin America's most prolific contributor to peacekeeping: Uruguay. This paper finds that PKOs in Uruguay have facilitated post-transitions attempts by civilians to build first-generation control, but not second-generation control. Further, PKOs have marginally improved military effectiveness, but we find that they do not improve societal trust in the armed forces.     

军校学报创新发展战略的理性思考

军校学报编辑部必须树立科学发展观，针对制约军校学报学术质量提高的各种因素，发挥主观能动性，积极采取有效措施，通过长期不懈地努力，促进军校学报学术质量的提高，促进特色栏目的发展，促进精品期刊的壮大，促进军事学术的繁荣。     

The art of net assessment and uncovering foreign military innovations: Learning from Andrew W. Marshall’s legacy

ABSTRACT

Andrew W. Marshall, who shaped the way in which contemporary international security experts think about strategy, has been mostly associated with the invention of net assessment. The intellectual sources of this analytical technique, and of the related competitive strategies concept, could be traced to Marshall’s efforts to uncover Soviet post-World War II defense transformations. This article outlines the essence of these Soviet innovations – the empirical frame of reference that inspired Marshall. It provides a new perspective on the history of the net-assessment methodology, advances the debate within strategic studies over the nature of military innovations, and offers insights for experts examining defense transformations worldwide.     

Civil–military relations and organisational preferences regarding the use of the military in Chinese foreign policy: insights from the debate on MOOTW

ABSTRACT

This article analyses the positions of the Chinese civilian leaders and military elites on Military Operations Other Than War in order to shed light on their preferences about the use of the armed forces in foreign policy between the late 1990s and the early 2010s. Over time, a significant divergence developed between civilians and soldiers until 2011, when the Libyan crisis happened. The study also prompts important considerations about our understanding of civil–military relations in China and future role of the People’s Liberation Army as a tool of statecraft in foreign policy.     

以科学发展观为牵引实现学员队科学管理

军队院校学员队应坚持以培养人才为中心，坚持理论与实际、学院教育与部队建设相结合，遵循院校教育规律，坚持“解放思想、勇于创新，需求牵引、强化特色，遵循规律、持续发展，突出重点、整体推进，注重质量、讲求效益”的原则，全面推进创新教育和素质教育；加强科学管理、创新管理、从严管理，切实提高学员综合素质。     

试论军语演变“三律”

军语的产生、发展和变化，始终受到军事规律、词汇规律和术语规律的影响和制约。这三个方面规律的综合作用，对军语的语形、语义和语用的演变，产生着积极或消极的影响。任何一个军语在任何一个方面的演变，都可以从领域、词汇和术语这三个方面的规律中寻觅其基本成因。     

美军军事通信卫星体系发展趋势及启示建议

指挥控制与通信链路是美军军事力量的关键纽带。目前军事通信卫星在美军指挥控制与通信链路中发挥着关键性作用，具有通信距离远、覆盖面积大、通信容量大、机动性能好等优点。为深入开展美军军事通信卫星体系现状及发展趋势的系统性研究，本文首先梳理了美军宽带、窄带、受保护及中继四类卫星通信系统的体系现状，研究其历史发展、星座部署、主要战技术性能特点和典型应用情况；结合美军下一代军事通信卫星体系的研究论证工作及应用需求，从体系能力、发展运用模式、体系架构和新技术应用等方面分析其未来发展趋势；最后，通过研究分析的结果，结合我国实际和应用需求提出我国军事通信卫星发展的几点启示建议。     

分布式标图系统关键技术研究

针对分布式标图系统的面临的主要问题,提出运用发布/订阅和消息中间件的技术,实现分布式标图系统的松散耦合,有效地降低了系统中的数据流量.介绍了基于消息中间件和发布/订阅机制实现的分布式标图系统的主要数据结构和功能模块的实现方法,指出这些技术对通用综合态势图的生成也具有重要意义.     

浅论军事行政法从严原则

军事行政法从严原则应当成为军事行政法的一项基本原则。其基本涵义是军事行政法的制定具有严密性 ,军事行政法的实施具有严格性 ,军事行政法律制裁具有严厉性。该原则是军队质量建设的规律之一 ,是维护国防利益和军事利益的内在要求。军事行政法中的很多具体规定均体现了该原则     

军体训练中常见运动损伤的原因及预防措施

在军事体育训练中，各种运动损伤是比较常见的，预防与处置不当会严重影响训练效果与训练质量，增加非战斗减员，因此要正确认识运动损伤，了解训练中可能发生损伤的原因，采取积极的预防措施，掌握运动损伤的发生规律，以便最大限度地避免和减少运动损伤，从而保证教学与训练的正常进行。